The Parisian club has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the Ligue 1 winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side fired two times late to take a surprise advantage. First, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a vital equaliser in the dying moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout victory.
Now 14-time champions Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last 13 seasons.